WASHINGTON (AP) — The International Monetary Fund said Tuesday U.S. financial institutions could suffer $2.7 trillion in losses from the global credit crisis, part of a worldwide total expected to top $4 trillion.

The $2.7 trillion estimate for the United States was nearly double the IMF’s projection from just six months ago. The agency for the first time estimated losses for other regions of the world, saying the global total could surpass $4 trillion.

The IMF also warned that governments must take decisive policy actions to contain the fallout. The agency said governments have made progress getting extra money into the banking system, but more needs to be done to deal with toxic assets on banks’ books and shutting down insolvent financial institutions.

Additional capital is needed to cushion balance sheets against further loan losses and to restore investor confidence, the IMF said. The Obama administration has said it’s considering converting some of the $200 billion in loans to banks into purchases of common stock as a way to bolster their capital reserves.

The financial system remained under “severe stress” as the economic crisis broadens from the banking sector to consumers and businesses, the IMF said in its “Global Financial Stability Report.”

“Further determined policy action will be required to help restore confidence and to relieve the financial markets of uncertainties that are undermining the prospects for an economic recovery,” the IMF said.

The stability report and an updated economic outlook due out Wednesday will form the basis for meetings slated to begin with talks among the Group of Seven rich industrial nations and the Group of 20 major industrial and developing economies on Friday.

Discussions among the nations that serve on the steering committees of the IMF and World Bank are scheduled for Saturday and Sunday. Those talks will seek to flesh out the commitments made at a G-20 leaders summit in London last month. At that meeting, President Barack Obama and the other leaders pledged to boost financial support for the IMF and other international lending institutions by $1.1 trillion.

Emerging economic powers like China and Brazil are demanding a bigger voice in how the IMF and World Bank are run in return for their increased support. Besides debates over rearranging the governing structure of the lending institutions, the weekend talks are expected to focus on reforms that should be made in how the IMF, the world’s global policeman, performs its duties.

The 185-nation lending institution came under severe criticism a decade ago, during the 1997-98 Asian currency crisis, for the types of stringent reforms it imposed on countries seeking IMF loans.

IMF Managing Director Dominique Strauss-Kahn has sought to revamp the agency’s lending programs to make them more flexible. The IMF has created a new line of credit it’s willing to extend to countries with solid economic track records without the tough restrictions of normal IMF loan programs. So far, Mexico has been offered $47 billion and Poland $20.5 billion under the new program.

The agency already has shown greater flexibility in the loans it has extended for countries caught up in the current crisis, including those made to the formerly communist Eastern European countries of Hungary, Latvia, Ukraine, Serbia and Romania. Some economists worry that without stringent IMF programs, countries will not make the tough choices needed to trigger an economic rebound. But most believe the new flexibility is a welcome change from past approaches.

“There was a general feeling after the Asian crisis that some of the loan conditionality had been too intrusive,” said Michael Mussa, a former chief economist at the IMF.

“The old IMF was too harsh. Some of the conditions they imposed in the past did not take into account practical realities,” said Sung Won Sohn, an economist at the Smith School of Business at California State University.

At the same time, some member nations are pushing to give the IMF greater powers as a global economic watchdog. They argue that if the agency had played a greater monitoring role, some of the financial market excesses that led to the current crisis could have been avoided.

However, any move to increase the IMF’s oversight is likely to meet stiff resistance among countries like China where officials have objected to IMF lectures on its undervalued currency.

• Martin Crutsinger